Floor and ceiling construction for fireproof buildings.



PATENTBU `NUC. Is, 1907.

L. HERMANN. FLCCR ANU CLILINC CONSTRUCTION ICR PIRLPRCCI BUILDINGS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 4 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

IN VEN TOH Y, nb

No. v862,911. PATENTED AUG. 13, 1907.

L. HERMANN. FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION FOR FIREPROOF BUILDINGS.

APPLICATION FILED FEBA. 1907.

SSHBETS-SEEET 2.

WITNESSES mms murs. ma Luna.. Hummm. n L

No. 362,911. A 111111111111 111111.13, 1907.

L. HERMANN.

FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION FOR PIREPRUOI' BUILDINGS. APPLIGATION FILED 1211.4. 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

l TTORNES WITNESSES layer c of reinforcing material employed in this form of construction is made up of small parallelograms cil of rods or bars arranged as shown in Figs. l, 3 and 4. The parallelograms of-rein'forcing material plaeeddirectly over the columns a? being composed of rods or bars which cross each other in opposite directions and are preferably tied togetherwhere they cross as shown at c, while the parallelograms of reinforcing material placed between the columns consist of a single layer of parallel rods or bars as shown at c, and with this form of constructionthere are central spaces between the cola umns a2 in the top layer of reinforcing material that are not reinforced or which do not contain reinforcing material, said spaces being indicated at 0"'.

Although, I have indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, I-beams. of the usual form my invention is not limited to any special form of beams and reinforced beams of concrete maybecmployed if desired, and by means of the construction shown in Figs. l to 4 inclusive, I provide a floor and ceiling construction of reinforced concrete which may be made of any desired strength and which,

will possess any desired amount of power of resistance, the strength and power of -resistance depending upon the thickness or amount of concrete employed and the sizes and proximity of the lrods or bars which form the top and bottom layers of the reinforcing material.

In the construction shown'in Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive,

- or the second form of construction whichI employ, the

arrangement of the beams a and columns a2 is or maybe the same as in the construction shown in Figs. l. to 4 inelusive, but in this form of construction the floor and ceiling construction or the reinforcing material thereof is divided into parallelograms formed `by continuous rods or bars c which cross each other -atright angles and which are arranged on the opposite sides of the beams a. The c ntinnous rods or 'bars e are placed in the bottom portion of the floor and ceiling construction and over cach of the columns a2 and in the top portion of the concrete A"forming the iioor and ceiling constructies is placed a parallelograml f of reinforcing material composed of rods or bars which are parallel and which are preferably ytied together as shown at f 2 and over the columns a'-y are placed other parallelograms g of reinforcing material which preferablyy consist of parallel rods or vbars which cross each other and may be tied together as shown at g', if desired. `In'this form of construction, in each ofthe panels or spaces formed by the beams a and columns aL is a central block h' which is rectangular in forni and which is formed separately and separately re- A elsewhere, and this thickness gradually tapers or grows less as indicated by the lines 't' in Fig. G toward the four sides of the panels formed'by the beams a and columns or posts aL and this forms four radial corners of the ceiling construction around the tops of the columns a2 which are indicated by the dott-edlincs j in Fig. 5.

yFrom the foregoing description it will be seen that the construction in Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive, involves the central blocks or parallelogra'ms hf centrally of the spaces formed by. the beams a and columns a in which the reinforcingmaterial is placedin the bottom of the` floor and ceiling construction, and that the lreinforcing material in the other portions of the floor and ceiling construction is placed in the top portionthereof exeeptmin the case of the rods or bars e which cross each other 'at right angles between the beams a and at a predetermined distance therefrom, said rods or bars e being in the bottoni portion of the floor and ceiling construction.

Although I have described the arrangement ofreinforcig material shown iri Fig. l as composed of separate parallelograms or sub-divisions of rods or-bars arranged over the `columns and beams and some of which consist of rods or bars arranged parallel only and others of rods orlbars which 'cross each other in opposite directions, it will be apparentthat these separateiparallelograrns or sub-divisions of reinforcing material maybe -composed of wire netting, expanded i metal or other equivalent forms of construction and this is also true of the separate parallelogramsor subdivisions of the reinforcing material shown in Figs. 5, i

`necessarily parallelograms as will be understood,

and the yplan thereof may be of any desired shape or form. The ideaofmaking` the central portions of panels shown in Figs.A 5 and 6 separate is to obtain a certain location of the point of inflection-in the panel;

f iny this second form of my improvement the point of inflection is at the joint.' I understand by point of inflection the point where the tensile stress passes from the bottom .to the top of the panel. This tensile stress is taken up-by the metal reinforcement. The location of the'point-of inflection being given, the figuring of the floor-and ceiling is simpler than in the first form of my improvement, is certain; and I am able to usein this form the least amount of material for the required strength. 'I

, In the first form of construction the portions of bot* torn continuous bars right iindei: the top bars take up part ofthe compressive stress. In the second form the entire compressive stress in this part of the panel is taken up vby concrete necessitating more concrete.

as shown. I

A oor and ceiling construction made in this manner may be made of any'desiredv` strength, the strength and resisting quality depending entirely on the amount of materialemployed and the proximity ofthe members which make up the separate sub-divisions of the reinforcement or reinforcing material which is placed in the concrete, and it will be'observed that the general plan and arrangement of the reinforcing material. is the saine in each of the forms of construction shown.

The second form of construction shown in Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive is not claimed hereingbut is made the subject of a divisional application filed .I une 5, 1907,v Serial No. 377289.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ist- 1. floor and ceiling construction for fireproof huildings. said iloor andceiling construction consisting of concrete supported by columns and beams, the beams beingarranged so as to divide the door and ceiling' construction into panels and said lconcrete being,- provided with inde- .other in oppositev directions.

ltions between the -column-and )e rein orcing material, the ttom' layer consisting of .concrete in both direcamsand being omitted over the columns, and thetopiayer' ot .reinforcing material consisting of rodsvor barsfwhichare arranged in the form of parallelograms over tliecolumns and beams, the parallelograms vof reinforcing material between the columns consisting` of rods or bars arranged transversely of the beams and the parallelograms of reinforcing,r material over: the columns consisting of rods or bars which cross each pendent top and bottom layers said reinforcing material inthe rods or bars extending throng 2. A door and ceiling construction for freproof buildings, consisting of concrete supported by columns and beams, the beams Vbeing arranged so as to divide the floor and ceiling4 construction into panels, and said' concrete being provided with separate top and bottom layers of reinforcing material, the reinforcing material in the bottom layer consisting of separate series of rods or bars extending through the concrete in both directions between vthe columns and beams and crossing each other in the panels formed by the beams, said rods or bars being omitted overv the columns, and the top layer of reinforcing material being arranged in separate sections or divisions over the columns, and over the beams between the columns'.

3. A floor and ceiling construction for fire-proof buildings, consisting of concrete supported by columns and beams, the beams being arranged so as to divide the door and ceiling construction into panels, and said concrete boing provided with separate top and bottom layers of reinforcing material, the reinforcing material in the bottoni layer consisting of separate series of rods Or bars extending through the concrete in both directions between the columns and beams and crossing each other in the panels formed by the beams, said rods or bars being omitted over thc columns, and the top layer of reinforcing material being arrangedin separate sections or divisions over the columns and over` the beams between the columns, and the separate sections or divisions of reinforcing material over the columns, and over the beams between the columns, consisting of rods or bars which cross each other, and rods or bars arranged parallel.

In testimony that I claim tbe foregoing as my invention l have signed my name in presence of the subscribing wit: nesses this 1st day of February, 1907.

LEIBU HERMANN.

Witnesses:

C. E. MULREANY, A. WORDEN GrBBs. 

